California’s knife laws primarily regulate concealed carry and specific blade types, with significant variations between state and local ordinances. Here’s a comprehensive breakdown:
Statewide Regulations
- Concealed Fixed Blades
Any fixed blade knife (regardless of blade length) is classified as a “dirk or dagger” under Penal Code § 16470 and cannot be concealed. Fixed blades must be carried openly in a sheath suspended from the waist. - Folding Knives
- Legal to carry concealed or openly if non-locking (e.g., slip-joint).
- Locking folding knives are treated as fixed blades when deployed and must be openly carried7.
- No state-level blade length restrictions for folding knives.
- Switchblades/Automatics
- Carrying automatic knives (switchblades) with blades ≥2″ is illegal.
- Owning automatics ≥2″ is permitted if kept at home.
- Prohibited Knives
Ballistic knives, cane swords, belt-buckle knives, undetectable blades (e.g., ceramic), and gravity knives are banned statewide.
Local Ordinances
| City/County | Key Restrictions |
|---|---|
| Los Angeles | Open carry of knives >3″ prohibited; concealed carry of any weapon restricted. |
| San Francisco | Concealed blades >3″ banned. |
| Sacramento | Explicit prohibition on certain knife types beyond state laws. |
Critical Nuances
- Vehicle Carry: Fixed blades in cars must be sheathed and stored securely (e.g., trunk). Concealed placement (door panels, under seats) risks legal scrutiny.
- “Open Carry” Definitions:
- Fixed blades must be visibly suspended from the waist; backpack straps or neck carry may not comply.
- Folding knives with pocket clips are often considered open carry if partially visible.
- Enforcement Variability: Laws are frequently weaponized pretextually during stops, particularly in urban areas like LA or SF.
Practical Guidance
- Fixed Blades: Opt for sub-3″ blades in rural areas; avoid entirely in cities like LA/SF.
- Folders: Non-locking designs (e.g., Swiss Army knives) are safest. For locking blades, ensure the clip is visible.
- Automotive Storage: Keep knives in closed sheaths within locked compartments.
While state laws are relatively permissive, local codes and inconsistent enforcement create a patchwork of risk. Always verify municipal ordinances before carrying.
Sources:
- https://www.akti.org/state-knife-laws/california/
- https://nobliecustomknives.com/us-knife-laws/california-knife-laws/
- https://www.ceclaw.net/california-criminal-law/knife-laws/
- https://www.aerlawgroup.com/california-knife-laws/
- https://www.shouselaw.com/ca/defense/knife-laws/
